@inproceedings{7f60e6c9d269423c91c82cae0c8958b4,
title = "0.37-pJ/b/dB PAM-4 Transmitter and Adaptive Receiver with Fixed Data and Threshold Levels for 12-m Automotive Camera Link",
abstract = "This paper presents a transmitter and an adaptive receiver for the next-generation automotive camera link with four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) signaling. The PAM-4 transmitter utilizes push-pull current drivers and a 3-tap feed-forward equalizer to improve impedance matching and eye margin, respectively. In order to cancel the sampler offset for a lower bit error rate (BER), instead of adjusting data and threshold levels, the gain of a programmable gain amplifier is adjusted adaptively under fixed data and threshold levels. The transmitter delivers 8-Gb/s PAM-4 signal to the adaptive receiver through a lossy 12-m cable (22-dB channel loss) with a BER of 1E-8, and the eye margin larger than 0.15 UI x 50 mV is measured for a BER of 1E-5. The prototype chips consume 65.2 mW (excluding PLL), exhibiting an FoM of 0.37 pJ/bit/dB.",
keywords = "adaptive receiver, automotive interface, four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4), transmitter",
author = "Woonghee Lee and Minkyo Shim and Yunhee Lee and Heejin Yang and Ko, {Han Gon} and Choi, {Woo Seok} and Jeong, {Deog Kyoon}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 IEEE.; 47th IEEE European Solid State Circuits Conference, ESSCIRC 2021 ; Conference date: 06-09-2021 Through 09-09-2021",
year = "2021",
month = sep,
day = "13",
doi = "10.1109/ESSCIRC53450.2021.9567857",
language = "English",
series = "ESSCIRC 2021 - IEEE 47th European Solid State Circuits Conference, Proceedings",
publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",
pages = "475--478",
booktitle = "ESSCIRC 2021 - IEEE 47th European Solid State Circuits Conference, Proceedings",
address = "United States",
}