A critical review on the symbiotic effect of bacteria and microalgae on treatment of sewage with biofertilizer production

Sandeep Bharti, Abhay Raj, Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale, Luiz Fernando Romanholo Ferreira, Ranyere Lucena de Souza, Sikandar I. Mulla, Ram Naresh Bharagava

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

Abstract

Wastes like sewage, kitchen and industrial are the major sources of environmental pollution and health hazards. Sewage contains 99.9% water and 0.1% solid waste including urinal waste and faecal matter alongwith large amounts of nitrate, nitrite, ammonium and phosphate ions. Sewage may also contain a variety of harmful contaminants like analgesics, antihypertensive drugs, antibiotics, dioxin, furans, polychlorinated biphenyls, chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides, chlorine derivatives and plasticizers etc. making it more harmfull to environment and public health. Hence, sewage must be adequately treated by an effective process before its final discharge into the environment. Biological treatment of sewage is an emerging idea in recent years, which has diverse economic and environmental advantages. Sewage treatment by bacteria and microalgae has numerous advantages as it removes various excessive nutrients from waste with large biomass production and also prevents the utilization of toxic chemicals in conventional treatment process. Microalgae-bacterial biomass have potential to be used as biofertilizers, bio-stimulants and bio-seed primers in agricultural field as these contain various biologically active substances like polysaccharides, carotenoids, free fatty acids, phenols, and terpenoids. This review paper mainly discussing the sewage characteristics and different kinds of organic and inorganic pollutants it contained alongwith its harmfull impacts on environment and public health. It also deals the different conventional as well as emerging treatment technologies and different factors affecting the treatment efficiency. In addition, the utilization of developed microalgal and bacterial biomass as biofertilizer and its effects on crop plant alongwith future prospects has been also discussed in detail.

Original languageEnglish
Article number123704
JournalJournal of Environmental Management
Volume373
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 2025

Keywords

  • Biological treatment
  • Bioproducts
  • Ecofriendly
  • Sustainable technology
  • Wastewater

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'A critical review on the symbiotic effect of bacteria and microalgae on treatment of sewage with biofertilizer production'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this