A surface tailoring gold nanodendrites modified flexible screen-printed carbon electrodes as sensitive detection platform for trace level hydrazine in water samples for environmental application

This study presents a novel and straightforward approach to fabricate ultrafine, sharp-edged microneedle-like gold nanodendrites (Au NDs) on a homemade flexible screen-printed carbon electrode (FSPCE) using a one-step electrochemical deposition method. This aid to probe direct electrochemical oxidation and sensing of hydrazine. Effective monitoring of hydrazine is vital for risk reduction, safeguarding water quality, and ensuring safety in industrial and environmental application. The Au NDs@FSPCE offers a cutting-edge approach as an electrochemical sensor for hydrazine detection, facilitating the direct growth of Au NDs without reliance on binders or additional reductants. This advanced modification enhances the FSPCE with superior mechanical strength, excellent conductivity, tunable composition, and significantly improved electrochemical performance, establishing it as a highly efficient and reliable platform for hydrazine sensing. The Au NDs@FSPCE exhibited outstanding electrocatalytic performance at + 0.40 V with a higher oxidation current for hydrazine sensor. LSV studies revealed a detection limit of 0.46 µM, high sensitivities of 43.73 µAµM⁻¹cm⁻² and a rapid response time, and a broad linear range from 100 µM to 1500 µM. While chronoamperometry offered two linear ranges (10–90 µM and 190–1790 µM), with lower LOD of 10 nM. The sensor also demonstrated excellent long-term stability, strong reproducibility, and robust resistance to interference. Moreover, the Au NDs@FSPCE was successfully utilized to determine hydrazine in water samples.