Biohydrogen Production From Renewable Biomass Resources

Biohydrogen could be considered as a clean and attractive substitute for fossil fuels and can progress to a sustainable hydrogen-oriented economy in the years to come. In recent years, biohydrogen production from renewable waste biomass resources has attained increasing attention because of its ecofriendly and sustainable approach. Dark fermentative biohydrogen production with biomass is an ingenious solution and has major advantages relative to other biohydrogen production processes. On the other hand, this process seems to be sluggish because of rebellious biomass structure and thus various pretreatment processes are required for the deliverance of readily fermentable sugars for fermentation. The main focus of this chapter depicts an outline on the use of various potential biomass resources and also various pretreatment possibilities employed for enhanced biohydrogen production. Moreover, low biohydrogen yield is still the main drawback of dark fermentation. To overcome this, many solutions, for instance, microbial inoculum, substrate pretreatment, and optimization of process operating parameters, are essential. Nevertheless, various integrated processes, such as dark fermentation in combination with photofermentation, anaerobic digestion, and microbial electrochemical systems (Microbial fuel cells (MFC) and microbial electrolysis cell), are used to achieve industrialized biohydrogen production, and to whip up the process more competent and virtually applicable. In this chapter, we have elaborated various integrated approaches by conversing their principles, as well the current study progresses, from the literature.