TY - JOUR
T1 - Biological approaches to tackle heavy metal pollution
T2 - A survey of literature
AU - Jacob, Jaya Mary
AU - Karthik, Chinnannan
AU - Saratale, Rijuta Ganesh
AU - Kumar, Smita S.
AU - Prabakar, Desika
AU - Kadirvelu, K.
AU - Pugazhendhi, Arivalagan
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2018/7/1
Y1 - 2018/7/1
N2 - Pollution by heavy metals has been identified as a global threat since the inception of industrial revolution. Heavy metal contamination induces serious health and environmental hazards due to its toxic nature. Remediation of heavy metals by conventional methods is uneconomical and generates a large quantity of secondary wastes. On the other hand, biological agents such as plants, microorganisms etc. offer easy and eco-friendly ways for metal removal; hence, considered as efficient and alternative tools for metal removal. Bioremediation involves adsorption, reduction or removal of contaminants from the environment through biological resources (both microorganisms and plants). The heavy metal remediation properties of microorganisms stem from their self defense mechanisms such as enzyme secretion, cellular morphological changes etc. These defence mechanisms comprise the active involvement of microbial enzymes such as oxidoreductases, oxygenases etc, which influence the rates of bioremediation. Further, immobilization techniques are improving the practice at industrial scales. This article summarizes the various strategies inherent in the biological sorption and remediation of heavy metals.
AB - Pollution by heavy metals has been identified as a global threat since the inception of industrial revolution. Heavy metal contamination induces serious health and environmental hazards due to its toxic nature. Remediation of heavy metals by conventional methods is uneconomical and generates a large quantity of secondary wastes. On the other hand, biological agents such as plants, microorganisms etc. offer easy and eco-friendly ways for metal removal; hence, considered as efficient and alternative tools for metal removal. Bioremediation involves adsorption, reduction or removal of contaminants from the environment through biological resources (both microorganisms and plants). The heavy metal remediation properties of microorganisms stem from their self defense mechanisms such as enzyme secretion, cellular morphological changes etc. These defence mechanisms comprise the active involvement of microbial enzymes such as oxidoreductases, oxygenases etc, which influence the rates of bioremediation. Further, immobilization techniques are improving the practice at industrial scales. This article summarizes the various strategies inherent in the biological sorption and remediation of heavy metals.
KW - Adsorption
KW - Bioremediation
KW - Heavy metals
KW - Microorganisms
KW - Reduction
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85044441428&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.03.077
DO - 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.03.077
M3 - Review article
C2 - 29597108
AN - SCOPUS:85044441428
SN - 0301-4797
VL - 217
SP - 56
EP - 70
JO - Journal of Environmental Management
JF - Journal of Environmental Management
ER -