TY - JOUR
T1 - Current investigations into the genotoxicity of zinc oxide and silica nanoparticles in mammalian models in vitro and in vivo
T2 - Carcinogenic/genotoxic potential, relevant mechanisms and biomarkers, artifacts, and limitations
AU - Kwon, Jee Young
AU - Koedrith, Preeyaporn
AU - Seo, Young Rok
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 Kwon et al.
PY - 2014/12/15
Y1 - 2014/12/15
N2 - Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in many sectors, such as food, medicine, military, and sport, but their unique characteristics may cause deleterious health effects. Close attention is being paid to metal NP genotoxicity; however, NP genotoxic/carcinogenic effects and the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In this review, we address some metal and metal oxide NPs of interest and current genotoxicity tests in vitro and in vivo. Metal NPs can cause DNA damage such as chromosomal aberrations, DNA strand breaks, oxidative DNA damage, and mutations. We also discuss several parameters that may affect genotoxic response, including physicochemical properties, widely used assays/end point tests, and experimental conditions. Although potential biomarkers of nanogenotoxicity or carcinogenicity are suggested, inconsistent findings in the literature render results inconclusive due to a variety of factors. Advantages and limitations related to different methods for investigating genotoxicity are described, and future directions and recommendations for better understanding genotoxic potential are addressed.
AB - Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in many sectors, such as food, medicine, military, and sport, but their unique characteristics may cause deleterious health effects. Close attention is being paid to metal NP genotoxicity; however, NP genotoxic/carcinogenic effects and the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In this review, we address some metal and metal oxide NPs of interest and current genotoxicity tests in vitro and in vivo. Metal NPs can cause DNA damage such as chromosomal aberrations, DNA strand breaks, oxidative DNA damage, and mutations. We also discuss several parameters that may affect genotoxic response, including physicochemical properties, widely used assays/end point tests, and experimental conditions. Although potential biomarkers of nanogenotoxicity or carcinogenicity are suggested, inconsistent findings in the literature render results inconclusive due to a variety of factors. Advantages and limitations related to different methods for investigating genotoxicity are described, and future directions and recommendations for better understanding genotoxic potential are addressed.
KW - Carcinogenicity
KW - Exposure assessment
KW - Genotoxicity
KW - Nanoparticles
KW - Risk evaluation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84938223264&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2147/IJN.S57918
DO - 10.2147/IJN.S57918
M3 - Review article
C2 - 25565845
AN - SCOPUS:84938223264
SN - 1176-9114
VL - 9
SP - 271
EP - 286
JO - International Journal of Nanomedicine
JF - International Journal of Nanomedicine
ER -