Determination of atomoxetine metabolites in human plasma by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry and its application to a pharmacokinetic study

Chang Ik Choi, Jung Woo Bae, Hye In Lee, Choon Gon Jang, Uy Dong Sohn, Seok Yong Lee

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

14 Scopus citations

Abstract

4-Hydroxyatomoxetine (4-HAT) and N-desmethylatomoxetine (N-DAT) are major metabolites of atomoxetine, a potent and selective inhibitor of the presynaptic norepinephrine transporter that is used for the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The pharmacological activity of 4-HAT is similar to that of atomoxetine. We have developed and validated a simple, rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography analytical method with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the determination of 4-HAT and N-DAT in human plasma. After liquid-liquid extraction with methyl t-butyl ether, chromatographic separation of analytes was performed using a reversed-phase Luna C 18 column (2.0mm×100mm, 3μm particles) with a mobile phase of 10mM ammonium formate buffer (pH 3.5)-methanol (10:90, v/v) and quantified by MS/MS detection in ESI positive ion mode. The flow rate of the mobile phase was 250μL/min and the retention times of 4-HAT, N-DAT and internal standard (IS, metoprolol) were 0.9, 1.0 and 1.0min, respectively. The calibration curves were linear over the range of 0.05-20ng/mL for 4-HAT and 0.1-20ng/mL for N-DAT. The lower limits of quantification, using 200μL human plasma, were 0.05 and 0.1ng/mL for 4-HAT and N-DAT, respectively. The mean accuracy and precision for intra- and inter-day validation of 4-HAT and N-DAT were both within the acceptable limits. This LC-MS/MS method showed improved sensitivity for quantification of the two main metabolites of atomoxetine in human plasma compared with previously described analytical methods. The validated method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study in humans.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)103-108
Number of pages6
JournalJournal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences
Volume885-886
DOIs
StatePublished - 15 Feb 2012

Keywords

  • 4-Hydroxyatomoxetine
  • Human plasma
  • LC-MS/MS
  • N-Desmethylatomoxetine
  • Pharmacokinetics

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