Effect of organic acid-soaking and sonication on the formation of volatile compounds and α-dicarbonyl compounds in Robusta coffee

Haeun Lee, Jonggab Yim, Youngji Lee, Kwang Geun Lee

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

12 Scopus citations

Abstract

In this study, the effects of organic acid-soaking (malic, citric, tartaric, and succinic acid) and sonication on the formation of flavor and α-dicarbonyl compounds in Robusta (C. canephora syn. Coffea robusta) green beans were investigated. A total of 20 volatile compounds were identified in Robusta coffee. Furfural and 5-methyl furfural, two dominant volatile compounds in Arabica coffee, increased after organic acid pretreatment. In Robusta coffee processed from 3% malic acid-soaked coffee beans, furfural and 5-methyl furfural increased by 90.99% and 24.92%, respectively, compared to the control. In Robusta coffee processed from 3% malic acid-sonicated (280 W, 1 h) coffee beans, furfural and 5-methyl furfural increased by 236.03% and 114.77%, respectively. α-Dicarbonyls (glyoxal, methylglyoxal, and diacetyl) were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in all Robusta coffees after organic acid pretreatment. In Robusta coffee processed from coffee beans soaked and sonicated in tartaric acid solution, the α-dicarbonyls decreased by up to 44% and 58%, respectively, compared to the control. This study suggested the pretreatment methods to enhance the flavor substances and reduce the α-DCs in Robusta coffee.

Original languageEnglish
Article number106580
JournalUltrasonics Sonochemistry
Volume99
DOIs
StatePublished - Oct 2023

Keywords

  • Coffee
  • Organic acid
  • Ultrasound sonication
  • Volatile compounds
  • α-Dicarbonyl

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