Effects of graphene counter electrode and CdSe quantum dots in TiO₂ and ZnO on dye-sensitized solar cell performance

Fabrication and performance study of dye-sensitized solar cells using different counter electrodes and photoanodes is reported. Spin coated, E-beam coated platinum, and graphene electrodes were used as counter electrodes. Different combinations of TiO₂ nanoparticle and ZnO nanorods (NRs) with CdSe quantum dots were prepared and used as photoanodes. The photoanodes comprising of both ZnO NRs and TiO₂ nanoparticles have shown improved performances in short-circuit current density and open-circuit voltage comparing the devices fabricated using only ZnO NR or TiO₂ nanoparticles. The inclusion of CdSe quantum dots has been found to increase the performance of dye-sensitized solar cell for all the photoanodes. In case of counter electrodes, the cells fabricated with graphene showed improved performance.