Fast and stable lithium-ion storage kinetics of anatase titanium dioxide/carbon onion hybrid electrodes

Research on alternatives to replace conventional graphite anodes is needed to advance lithium-ion battery technology. In this work, an anatase nano-TiO₂/carbon onion hybrid material (nano-TiO₂-C) is introduced as a rapid and stable lithium storage anode material, synthesized by a simple synthetic route using tailored sol-gel chemistry. The nano-TiO₂-C hybrid material provides highly reversible capacity (166 mA h g^-1 at 0.02 A g^-1), promising rate capability (61 mA h g^-1 at 5 A g^-1), and long-term cycle stability (capacity retention: 94% at 1 A g^-1 for 1000 cycles). We demonstrate that hybridization of nano-TiO₂ with carbon onions improves the high rate performance significantly.