Green Synthesis of Sliver Nanoparticles Using Avicennia officinalis and Xylocarpus granatum Extracts and In vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Anti-inflammatory Activities

The present study involves biosynthesis of AgNPs using Avicennia officinalis and Xylocarpus granatum mangrove plants along with evaluation of their potential biomedical applications. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, FTIR analysis, scanning electron microscope, particle size analyzer, X-ray diffraction (XRD). The synthesized AgNPs showed absorption maxima at 470 nm for X. granatum (XG-AgNPs) and 420 nm for A. offcinalis (AO-AgNPs) which corresponds to their respective surface Plasmon resonance. The FTIR analysis reveals capping of phenolic groups providing stability of synthesized AgNPs. The morphology of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by SEM technique. The dynamic light scattering study (DLS) also confirmed the size distribution of synthesized AgNPs. XRD peaks at 2θ range of 20–70^o corresponds (111), (200) and (220) reflection planes indicating the structure of metallic silver. AO-AgNPs exhibited better DPPH scavenging, superoxide and protein denatuaration activity with IC₅₀ values of 0.14, 0.32 and 0.21 mg/ml. However, XG-AgNPs exhibited better α-amylse and α-glucosidase inhibition potential as compared to AO-AgNPs. It could be concluded that X. granatum bark extracts and A. officinalis leaf extract can be used efficiently for the synthesis of biologically active silver nanoparticles which could be exploited pharmaceutical applications.