Health care–associated acute pyelonephritis is associated with inappropriate empiric antibiotic therapy in the ED

Seong Yeon Park, Won Sup Oh, Yeon Sook Kim, Joon Sup Yeom, Hee Kyoung Choi, Yee Gyung Kwak, Jae Bum Jun, Jin Won Chung, Ji Young Rhee, Baek Nam Kim

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background Acute pyelonephritis (APN) is one of the most common bacterial infections. Because health care–associated (HCA) infections in the community setting have similar characteristics to hospital-acquired infections, HCA infections should be distinguished from community-acquired (CA) infections. However, the impact of HCA-APN on treatment outcomes has not been clearly defined. This study aimed to analyze the impact of HCA-APN on the appropriateness of empiric antibiotic therapy and outcomes in community-onset APN. Methods We prospectively identified women older than 18 years who were hospitalized with APN via the emergency department and whose urine culture grew bacteria at 10 acute care hospitals in South Korea. Results Of the 388 APN episodes that were included, 99 (25.5%) were HCA-APN and 289 (74.5%) were CA-APN. Compared with patients with CA-APN, patients with HCA-APN had comorbid conditions and septic shock more frequently. Health care–associated APN was caused by resistant uropathogens more often. Patients with HCA-APN had poorer outcomes (ie, early/final clinical and microbiologic failures); however, this was not statistically significant. Patients with HCA-APN had significantly longer hospital stays than did patients with CA-APN. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis for inappropriate empiric therapy, HCA-APN (odds ratio, 1.96; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-3.57; P = .03) and being bed-ridden (odds ratio, 3.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.31-7.07; P = .01) were significant. Conclusions Health care–associated APN was associated with inappropriate empiric antibiotic therapy, which might lead to worse outcomes. These HCA factors should be considered when prescribing empiric antibiotic therapy in patients with community-onset APN.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1415-1420
Number of pages6
JournalAmerican Journal of Emergency Medicine
Volume34
Issue number8
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Aug 2016

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