High-Performance Sodium-Ion Hybrid Supercapacitor Based on Nb2O5@Carbon Core–Shell Nanoparticles and Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites

Eunho Lim, Jo Changshin, Min Su Kim, Mok Hwa Kim, Jinyoung Chun, Haegyeom Kim, Jongnam Park, Kwang Chul Roh, Kisuk Kang, Songhun Yoon, Jinwoo Lee

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

370 Scopus citations

Abstract

Sodium-ion hybrid supercapacitors (Na-HSCs) have potential for mid- to large-scale energy storage applications because of their high energy/power densities, long cycle life, and the low cost of sodium. However, one of the obstacles to developing Na-HSCs is the imbalance of kinetics from different charge storage mechanisms between the sluggish faradaic anode and the rapid non-faradaic capacitive cathode. Thus, to develop high-power Na-HSC anode materials, this paper presents the facile synthesis of nanocomposites comprising Nb2O5@Carbon core–shell nanoparticles (Nb2O5@C NPs) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and an analysis of their electrochemical performance with respect to various weight ratios of Nb2O5@C NPs to rGO (e.g., Nb2O5@C, Nb2O5@C/rGO-70, -50, and -30). In a Na half-cell configuration, the Nb2O5@C/rGO-50 shows highly reversible capacity of ≈285 mA h g−1 at 0.025 A g−1 in the potential range of 0.01–3.0 V (vs Na/Na+). In addition, the Na-HSC using the Nb2O5@C/rGO-50 anode and activated carbon (MSP-20) cathode delivers high energy/power densities (≈76 W h kg−1 and ≈20 800 W kg−1) with a stable cycle life in the potential range of 1.0–4.3 V. The energy and power densities of the Na-HSC developed in this study are higher than those of similar Li- and Na-HSCs previously reported.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)3711-3719
Number of pages9
JournalAdvanced Functional Materials
Volume26
Issue number21
DOIs
StatePublished - 7 Jun 2016

Keywords

  • core–shell nanoparticles
  • NbO
  • reduced graphene oxide
  • sodium-ion hybrid supercapacitors
  • ultracapacitors

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