Isolated Leptomeningeal Enhancement in Anti-N-Methyl D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis: The Diagnostic Value of Contrast-Enhanced Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery Imaging

Jun Kyeong Park, Eun Ja Lee, Kwang Ki Kim

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

3 Scopus citations

Abstract

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is a common autoimmune encephalitis that is noted to be a severe but treatable disease entity. Patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis often develop psychotic symptoms, including delusions, hallucinations, and paranoia, as well as memory impairment and persistent loss of attention. However, MRI findings in such patients show no abnormalities in most cases. Although typical brain abnormality features, known as T2 hyperintensities, involve the brain parenchyma and contrast enhancement at the cerebral cortex or overlying meninges, isolated leptomeningeal enhancement has been rarely reported in anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Herein, we report a patient with anti-NMDAR encephalitis who presented with isolated leptomeningeal enhancement, additionally showing the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging.

Original languageEnglish
Article number98
JournalJournal of the Korean Society of Radiology (South Korea)
Volume83
DOIs
StatePublished - 2022

Keywords

  • Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis
  • Brain
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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