Laser-driven synthesis of functional materials for advanced energy applications: A short review

Since the initial exploration of synthesis possibilities at a liquid–solid interface through pulsed laser irradiation of iron in water, the pulsed laser ablation in liquid media (PLAL) process has garnered significant attention for constructing various nanostructures due to its simple, ultrafast, and clean methodology that avoids byproduct formation. Recent advances in functionalized heterostructures via the PLAL process suggest a broad range of applications for energy- conversion systems, including water splitting and energy harvesting. This review surveys recent advancements in PLAL for energy applications, with a specific focus on its applications in oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts and energy harvesting devices. The review discusses the synthesis mechanisms, advantages, challenges, and future research directions of PLAL, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of its potential and limitations.