Microbial biomarkers–based sensors for detection of environmental pollution

Arun Kumar, Ashok Kumar Yadav, Rajendra Singh, Praveen Kumar Mehta

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapterpeer-review

Abstract

Industrialization, urbanization, mining, and exploration have increased environmental pollution. Human health is seriously endangered by pollutants such as poisonous gases, particulates, heavy metals, and other macroscopic pollutants. High sensitivity and specificity are displayed by microbial biomarkers for identifying these contaminants. These biomarkers have been more well known in recent years thanks to their reliability, sensitivity, and specificity, making them incredibly useful tools in environmental monitoring. Heavy metals in soils and sediments can be determined using microbial biomarkers such as genes encoding for metal transporters or metal-binding proteins. In addition, pollution in water resources can be detected using certain bacteria such as Nitrosospira or Nitrospira. The specific responses of microorganisms to pollutants can help to determine the impact of toxins on the environment. For instance, indicators such as the presence of cytochrome P450 genes might signal the presence of a wide variety of organic pollutants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are frequently found in gasoline- or diesel-fueled locations. This chapter will discuss environmental pollution and related biomarkers based on soil, water, and air contamination, and a brief overview of strategies to detect harmful substances from the environment.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationBiomarkers in Environmental and Human Health Biomonitoring
Subtitle of host publicationan Integrated Perspective
PublisherElsevier
Pages149-168
Number of pages20
ISBN (Electronic)9780443138607
ISBN (Print)9780443138614
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Jan 2024

Keywords

  • biomarker
  • biosensors
  • Environmental
  • pollution
  • sensors

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