Physicochemical analysis methods for nanomaterials considering their toxicological evaluations

Based on increasing interest and demands for nanomaterials in both industrial and academic fields, concerns for their potential toxicity emerged. In order to evaluate their potential toxicity as well as their interaction towards biological substances, it is important to comprehend and to precisely determine their physicochemical properties. In this review, we demonstrate current state-of-art on analytical methods for determining physicochemical parameters of nanomaterials in both powder and suspension states. A brief introduction on the operating principles of each instrument along with literature examples is given.