Abstract
Sn-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are promising alternatives to replacing toxic Pb-based PSCs, which have shown a rapid rise in photovoltaic applications in the past 1 year. However, the reported Sn-based PSCs are often fabricated with a small aperture area (typically 0.02–0.1 cm2) because forming homogeneous pinhole-free continuous films over a large surface area is still challenging. Herein, a post-deposition vapor annealing (PDVA) process assisted by methylammonium chloride vapor is presented that enables the fabrication of stable, homogeneous pinhole-free FASnI3 perovskite absorber films with low crystal defects and low surface recombination over a relatively large area up to 1.02 cm2. Inverted planar solar cells fabricated with a 1.02 cm2 aperture area show a maximum power conversion efficiency of 6.33% with high reproducibility and stability. The shelf-lifetime stability test shows that the PSCs retain 90% of their performance for more than 1000 h when stored in a N2-filled glove box and under dark conditions. The preliminary light-soaking stability tests under continuous illumination and maximum power-tracking conditions are relatively promising. This study marks an important step toward the up scaling of Sn-based PSCs.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 1900245 |
Journal | Solar RRL |
Volume | 3 |
Issue number | 12 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 1 Dec 2019 |
Keywords
- efficiencies
- large areas
- Pb-free perovskite solar cells
- Sn-based perovskite solar cells
- stabilities