TY - JOUR
T1 - Solvent-free enzymatic synthesis and evaluation of vanillyl propionate as an effective and biocompatible preservative
AU - Lee, Yousun
AU - Lee, Sujin
AU - Kim, Sungjun
AU - Lee, Dogyeong
AU - Won, Keehoon
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2023/11
Y1 - 2023/11
N2 - Preservatives are chemicals added to protect products against microbial spoilage, and thus are indispensable for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and foods. Due to growing concerns about human health and environments in conventional chemical preservatives, many companies have been seeking safe and effective alternatives that can be produced through environment-friendly processes. In this work, in order to develop effective and safe preservatives from plants, we attempt solvent-free lipase-catalyzed transesterification of vanillyl alcohol with ethyl propionate for the first time. The reaction product, vanillyl propionate was efficiently obtained in a high yield. Unlike vanillyl alcohol and ethyl propionate, vanillyl propionate showed antimicrobial activity. The minimal inhibitory concentration test showed that it exhibited high and broad antimicrobial activity against all the tested microorganisms (Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, yeasts, and molds), which was overall comparable to that of propyl paraben, which is one of the most effective preservatives. It was also found to have even higher antioxidant capacity and biocompatibility with human cells than propyl paraben. Vanillyl propionate, which is a plant-based preservative produced through a green bioprocess, is expected to be successfully applied to various industries thanks to its high antimicrobial and antioxidant effect, and high biocompatibility. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
AB - Preservatives are chemicals added to protect products against microbial spoilage, and thus are indispensable for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and foods. Due to growing concerns about human health and environments in conventional chemical preservatives, many companies have been seeking safe and effective alternatives that can be produced through environment-friendly processes. In this work, in order to develop effective and safe preservatives from plants, we attempt solvent-free lipase-catalyzed transesterification of vanillyl alcohol with ethyl propionate for the first time. The reaction product, vanillyl propionate was efficiently obtained in a high yield. Unlike vanillyl alcohol and ethyl propionate, vanillyl propionate showed antimicrobial activity. The minimal inhibitory concentration test showed that it exhibited high and broad antimicrobial activity against all the tested microorganisms (Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, yeasts, and molds), which was overall comparable to that of propyl paraben, which is one of the most effective preservatives. It was also found to have even higher antioxidant capacity and biocompatibility with human cells than propyl paraben. Vanillyl propionate, which is a plant-based preservative produced through a green bioprocess, is expected to be successfully applied to various industries thanks to its high antimicrobial and antioxidant effect, and high biocompatibility. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
KW - Biocompatibility
KW - Preservative
KW - Solvent-free enzymatic synthesis
KW - Vanillyl propionate
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85170044768&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00449-023-02921-1
DO - 10.1007/s00449-023-02921-1
M3 - Article
C2 - 37682355
AN - SCOPUS:85170044768
SN - 1615-7591
VL - 46
SP - 1579
EP - 1590
JO - Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering
JF - Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering
IS - 11
ER -