Synthesis and characterization of oleyl-based green surfactants for enhanced pigment dispersion

This study reports the synthesis and evaluation of disodium oleyl ethanolamide sulfosuccinate monoester (DSOESS) as a surfactant, emphasizing its physicochemical properties and efficacy in dispersing pigment particles in water-based color concentrates. DSOESS, a moderate anionic surfactant, demonstrates significant potential for enhancing dispersion due to its surface-active properties. The synthesis involved the reaction of oleic acid with monoethanolamine, followed by esterification with maleic anhydride and subsequent sulfonation with sodium bisulfite. Structural confirmation was achieved through FTIR and ¹H NMR spectroscopy, and physicochemical properties, including pH and amine value, were assessed. Dispersion performance was evaluated using high-speed and bead milling techniques, with bead milling yielding superior particle size reduction. Additionally, DSOESS exhibited excellent foaming ability, foam stability, and antimicrobial activity. These findings establish DSOESS as a promising dispersing agent for pigment concentrates with potential applications in industrial formulations.