The effect of coated nano-hydroxyapatite concentration on scaffolds for osteogenesis

Hyun Jun Jang, Eun Cheol Lee, Gu Joong Kwon, Young Kwon Seo

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

8 Scopus citations

Abstract

In this study, we fabricated a silk scaffold containing nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HAp) for bone tissue engineering applications. The sericin-extracted silk scaffolds were coated with 0.30, 0.15, and 0.03 g of nano-HAp. The scaffolds were soaked in a 1% type I atelocollagen solution and lyophilized. Scaffolds were crosslinked with 0.02% carbodiimide and lyophilized for 48 h, followed by sterilization with γ-irradiation at 10 kGy. The scaffold properties were investigated by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and atomic force microscope. A typical spectrum of the inorganic crust and the electron diffraction patterns revealed peaks for calcium, phosphorus, and oxygen atoms. Root mean square values of the control and experimental group surfaces were 5.60 and 40.32 nm. The width of nano-HAp was in the approximate range 100–150 nm, and the height was approximately 350 nm. Dental pulp cells were seeded at a density of 2.8 × 104 cells/cm2 and cultured for 3 weeks in a growth medium. The cells were then cultured for 4 weeks in differentiation medium and were transplanted into a nude mouse. The biopsy was processed at 8 weeks. The use of 0.15 g of nano-HAp led to the greatest collagen type III, fibronectin, osteocalcin, osteopontin, osteonectin, osteoprotegerin, and BMP-2 mRNA levels in vitro after 4 weeks in differentiation medium. Western blotting analysis to elucidate signaling pathways was performed. β-Catenin, phosphorylated-ERK, p38 phosphorylation most increased when 0.15 g of nano-HAp was used compared with the control group. In the histological comparison, osteocalcin and osteopontin synthesis were higher for the silk scaffold that contained 0.15 g of nano-HAp. Among the scaffolds, samples containing 0.15 g of nano-HAp were the most effective for osteogenesis. Therefore, this will be a suitable substrate as a biomaterial for bone tissue engineering applications.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)827-839
Number of pages13
JournalJournal of Biomaterials Applications
Volume34
Issue number6
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Jan 2020

Keywords

  • biomaterials
  • dental pulp stem cell
  • differentiation
  • Nano-hydroxyapatite
  • osteogenesis

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